原文
十年生死两茫茫,不思量,自难忘。千里孤坟,无处话凄凉。纵使相逢应不识,尘满面,鬓如霜。
夜来幽梦忽还乡,小轩窗,正梳妆。相顾无言,惟有泪千行。料得年年肠断处,明月夜,短松冈。
赏析
这首词开篇即道出时间跨度之久,“十年生死两茫茫”,十年的时间让生者与逝者隔绝于阴阳两端,然而思念却从未消减。尽管努力不去思念,但心底那份情感却难以忘怀。“千里孤坟,无处话凄凉”,表达了作者无法与妻子倾诉内心苦楚的无奈,即便两人在世时,也常因距离而未能时常相聚。
下阕转入梦境描写,“夜来幽梦忽还乡”,一个“忽”字点明了梦境的突然性,仿佛是心灵深处的一次召唤。“小轩窗,正梳妆”,这一细节生动再现了妻子生前的生活场景,给人以真实感和亲切感。接下来的“相顾无言,惟有泪千行”则将夫妻间深厚的感情展现得淋漓尽致,无需言语,仅凭泪水就能传递无限的爱意与哀伤。
结尾“料得年年肠断处,明月夜,短松冈”再次回到现实,以想象中的未来情景强化了对亡妻的思念之情。每年的明月之夜,都会让人感到肝肠寸断,这种永恒的痛楚成为作者生命中不可磨灭的一部分。
翻译
Through ten years of life and death, far apart,
I try not to think of you, but thoughts still tarry.
Your lonely grave lies thousands of miles away,
Where I can find no place to pour out my sorrow.
Even if we were to meet again, I fear you wouldn't recognize me,
For my face is covered with dust, my hair has turned gray.
Last night in a dream, I suddenly returned home.
By the small window, you were combing your hair.
We looked at each other without a word,
Only tears streaming down our cheeks.
I know every year there will be moments when my heart breaks,
Under the moonlight on the short pine-covered hill.
这首词以其真挚的情感和细腻的描写打动人心,成为悼亡题材的经典之作。苏轼通过这首词不仅表达了个人的哀思,也反映了人类对于永恒爱情与亲情的深刻追求。